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In fetal growth is the result of the interplay of endogenous factors, based on the fruit itself, and exogenous mediated maternal organism and placenta.

 Endogenous factor is difficult to define fetal genetic growth potential. Among the exogenous factors, we expect maternal nutrition, maternal chronic diseases, About Darwin Smith embryonic or fetal infection, and toxic effects in the mother as well as the optimal function of the placenta (Table 1). Hormonal influences was until recently attributed to only a marginal impact.

Tab. First    Exogenous factors that affect fetal growth Maternal nutrition

            

Chronic diseases mothers

                                     

Congenital heart defect

                                     

Chronic renal insufficiency

                                  

Systemic autoimmune disease

          

Embryonic or fetal infection

                                   

  Rubella

                                     

Cytomegalovirus etc

            

Toxic effects of

                                     

Nicotine

                                     

Alcohol

                                     

Addiction

                                     

Medicaments

          

 Placental function

                                           

Studies in recent years have shown that even fetal growth is driven by the interplay of humeral factors  Among them play an important role in both insulin-like grow taller 4 idiots  factor (insulin like growth factors)